We explore the relevance of structural characteristics of policy networks for policy outcomes, thereby highlighting the continuing relevance of the policy network approach for policy analysis. Focusing on networks for transparency in the food chain in the Netherlands and the EU, we examine the proposition that network interactions in the form of communication and trust make a substantial difference in the estimation and explanation of transparency policy. Thereby, we identify existing obstacles to a successful transformation of the norm of transparency into appropriate political frameworks and governance mechanisms as well as potential steps for improvement. Data were gathered in structured interviews with the network actors in the Netherlands and at the EU level and are employed in a mathematical model allowing us to highlight the impact of communication and trust relationships on policy output.