The investigation of Swiss chemical and pharmaceutical companies regarding their working capital management has revealed the huge potential which is lying in the management of short term assets and liabilities. Furthermore, the considerable differences between the single firms show that an optimized working capital management may play an important role for a firm’s competitiveness. A successful working apital strategy relies on the commitment and awareness of the management and on efficient working capital practices on the operative level. In addition, internal and external collaboration leads to more competitiveness, both for the firm as well as for the whole supply chain. A consistent and ongoing monitoring ensures sustainable improvements, and can be supported and enhanced by a benchmarking analysis and the adaption of best practices.